Power modules are the power switching/control circuit elements that are integrated into convenient isolated-base packages in order to offer a broad spectrum of commonly used diodes. They are often used to power semiconductor devices and provide an easy way to cool the device, as well as connect to the outer circuit.
They provide physical containment for several power components, usually power semiconductor devices which provide electrical and thermal contact and electrical insulation as needed. Compared to plastic housings, power modules provide a higher power density and, in many cases, are more reliable.
Characteristics of Power Modules
These devices are ensured to be mechanically and thermally optimized for easy assembly, long life, and reliable operation by power module manufacturers. There are several common structures that power modules are available in, such as IGBT or MOSFET.
Power Modules manufacturers maintain a similarity in qualities of diodes and thus power modules are often classified by the diode that they feature. Fast recovery, Hybrid SCR-High Voltage, Schottky, Standard, Standard Hybrid SCR, Standard SCR, etc. are common examples.
Applications of Power Modules
Power module manufacturers ensure power modules can be used in a variety of applications, such as Electroplating, Motor controls, AC, Motor controls, DC, Motor starters, Power Supplies, Heater controls, Elevator controls, Welding, Battery charging, Appliances, Switches, Transportation, Converters, HVAC controls, Inverters, Medical Electronic, and many more.
Intelligent Power Module
An intelligent power module contains additional control and protection circuitry with the goal of optimizing and making the overall solution easier to design and implement. It incorporates the digital intelligence usually provided by a microprocessor, which makes an IMP (Intelligent Power Module) advanced and highly integrated solid-state power switch.
Optimized high-power switching is more than just turning a switch on or off. Some of the basic functions of an IPM, over and above those of a regular power module, include:
- Applying proper voltage and supplying large amounts of current for fast switching.
- Protecting the circuitry by detecting and addressing overcurrent, overtemperature, short-circuit, and under-voltage conditions.
- Some applications also require power factor correction (PFC).
Intelligent power module manufacturers try to integrate any feature or functionality that can enhance the device’s performance. These include increasing manufacturability, lowering the cost, accelerating the speed of switching, reducing its size, improving the reliability of circuitry or simplifying the device’s implementation in real-life applications.
